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INTRODUCTION
Advances in molecular biology are rapidly changing our understanding of skin biology and disease. Increased knowledge is being translated into new molecular diagnostic tests that are transforming clinical practice. Molecular analyses are currently being employed to diagnose genodermatoses, cutaneous infections, melanomas, lymphomas, and inherited or autoimmune blistering disorders. This enhanced knowledge has also led to new targeted therapies, many of which require determination of the molecular basis of a disease in order to appropriately implement treatment. Molecular analyses are also used to screen for drug efficacy and susceptibility to adverse reactions to certain medications.
To utilize these tests appropriately, dermatologists nowadays have an even greater need to understand basic concepts of molecular biology. The goal of this chapter is to explain key concepts and methods of molecular biology in order to provide practicing dermatologists with a basic understanding of the tools their colleagues are employing and developing in the laboratory to transform clinical diagnosis, patient stratification, and therapy.