๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
Introduction
Immunology 4
Karin Pfisterer, Wolfgang Weninger and Thomas Schwarz
AMP antimicrobial peptides APC antigen presenting cell CCL C-C motif chemokine ligand CCR C-C motif chemokine receptor CLA cutaneous lymphocyte antigen CTL cytotoxic T lymphocyte DAMP danger-associated molecular pattern DC dendritic cell ILC innate lymphoid cell iTreg induced Treg LC Langerhans cell nTreg natural Treg PAMP pathogen-associated molecular pattern pDC plasmacytoid dendritic cell Tc cell cytotoxic T cell Tcm central memory T cell Tem effector memory T cell Tfh cell T follicular helper cell Th cell helper T cell Tmm migratory memory T cell Treg regulatory T cell Trm resident memory T cell
Key features
ยThe major purpose of the immune system is protection against harmful agents such as pathogens and tumor cells. This is achieved by a rapid โprimitiveโ reaction, called the innate immune response, and a more highly developed specific reaction, called the adaptive immune response
ยThe characteristics of an adaptive immune response are specificity and the accumulation of memory, thus enabling improvement with each successive encounter with a particular antigen
ยThe key event in an adaptive immune response is antigen presen- tation, yielding either a cell-mediated or a humoral response. The cellular response involves primarily T cells, whereas the humoral response involves B cells that ultimately mature into antibodysecreting plasma cells
ยImmune responses are not always protective and can even be pathogenic if the response induces severe tissue destruction or is directed against an autoantigen
ยAs a barrier organ to the external environment, the skin is endowed with the capacity and the necessary cellular components to mount an immune response