๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
Aluminum
Rare hypersensitivity reactions to the aluminum adjuvant in vaccines and hyposensitization immunotherapy do occur. Persistent subcutaneous granulomatous nodules can appear at the sites of injection several months after vaccination. Histologically, a central zone of degenerated collagen is surrounded by a rim of both histiocytes, whose cytoplasm contains bluish-grey granules, and lymphoid aggregates, some of which form germinal centers. There are also abundant eosinophils. Special stains (e.g. staining for aluminon in which the aluminum appears red) may make aluminum particles more evident. Of note, application of topical aluminum chloride for hemostasis can result in the presence of basophilic granules of varying size and shape within the cytoplasm of macrophages.