๐ ็ธฝ็ฎ้ ๏ฝ ๐ ่ฑๆๅๆ๏ผๆฌ็ฏ๏ผ ๏ฝ ๐ ๅฎๆด็ฟป่ญฏ ๏ฝ โญ ็ฒพ่ฏ็ญ่จ
INTRODUCTION
Melanoma is a malignant tumor that arises from melanocytes and is most commonly cutaneous in origin. It can also arise on mucosal surfaces (e.g. oral, conjunctival, vaginal) and within the uveal tract of the eye as well as the leptomeninges.
Rising incidence rates of cutaneous melanoma have been observed worldwide over the past four decades in White populations. While mortality rates increased slightly in the US and Europe during the 1970s and 1980s, a stabilization of mortality rates has been observed in a number of countries since the 1990s. The latter is due primarily to increased early detection of thinner cutaneous melanomas that have a lower likelihood of metastasis. Melanoma is also one of the most common forms of cancer in young adults. It therefore represents a significant public health concern in this age group, especially with respect to potential years of life lost. After decades of minimal progress, the recent introduction of effective targeted and immune therapies has led to a significant decline in mortality rates in patients with advanced disease.