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CONCLUSION

The eight human herpesviruses are associated with a wide spectrum of clinical features. Expansion in the number of immunocompromised patients has led to significant increases in the diversity and severity of clinical presentations of human herpesvirus infections. Thus, it is imperative to be aware of the various manifestations of these viral infections and to perform appropriate diagnostic tests. The clinician must also be aware of the indications, contraindications, dosages, and limitations of antiviral agents. Currently, the only licensed vaccines that exist for human herpesvirus are the varicella and varicella zoster vaccines. Therefore, public health measures remain critical for controlling the spread of these viruses. It is anticipated that better diagnostic tests, antiviral drugs, and vaccines for human herpesviruses will become available in the future.

Additional figures and table on Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for administration of the varicella vaccine, available in our eBook (see inside front cover for access code).

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can demonstrate the presence of HHV-8 within biopsy specimens of KS (Fig. 80.26).

Fig. 80.26 Kaposi sarcoma. Immunohistochemical staining utilizing antibodies against a latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA-1) demonstrates the presence of HHV-8. Courtesy Shawn Cowper, MD.