結論（CONCLUSION）
八種人類疱疹病毒與範圍廣泛的臨床特徵相關。免疫功能低下病人數目的增加，已導致人類疱疹病毒感染臨床表現的多樣性與嚴重度顯著上升。因此，必須察覺這些病毒感染的各種表現，並執行適當的診斷檢查。臨床醫師亦必須了解抗病毒藥物的適應症、禁忌症、劑量與限制。目前，人類疱疹病毒唯一已核准的疫苗是水痘疫苗與水痘帶狀疱疹疫苗。因此，公共衛生措施對控制這些病毒的傳播仍至為關鍵。預期未來將有更好的人類疱疹病毒診斷檢查、抗病毒藥物與疫苗可供使用。
關於預防接種諮詢委員會（Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices）水痘疫苗投予建議的額外圖表，可於本書電子書版本中取得（存取碼見封面內頁）。
infections in natalizumab-treated patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57:849–852. 14. Kwiatkowski A, Gallois J, Bilbault N, et al. Herpes enceph-
- Corey L, Adams H, Brown A, Holmes KK. Genital herpes
Kaplan AS, editor. The Herpesviruses. New York: Academic Press; 1973. 2. Nahmias AJ, Lee FK, Bechman-Nahmias S.
simplex virus infections: clinical manifestations, course, and complications. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:958–972. 8. Corey L, Wald A. Maternal and neonatal herpes simplex alitis during treatment with natalizumab in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2012;18:909–911. 15. Klausner JD, Kohn R, Kent C. Etiology of clinical proctitis virus infections. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1376–1385. 9. Flagg EW, Weinstock H. Incidence of neonatal herpes
Sero-epidemiological and sociological patterns of herpes simplex virus infection in the world. Scand J Infect Dis. 1990;69:19–36. 3. Gupta R, Warren T, Wald A. Genital herpes. Lancet.
among men who have sex with men. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:300–302. 16. Downing C, Ramirez-Fort MK, Doan HQ, et al.
simplex virus infections in the United States, 2006. Pediatrics. 2011;127:e1–e8. 10. Wauters O, Lebas E, Nikkels AF. Chronic mucocutaneous
2007;370:2127–2137. 4. Peña KC, Adelson ME, Mordechai E, et al. Genital herpes herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus infections. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;66:217–227. 11. Barnes DW, Whitley RJ. CNS diseases associated with varicella simplex virus type 1 in women: detection in cervicovaginal specimens from gynecological practices in the United States. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:150–153. 5. McQuillan G, Kruszon-Moran D, Flagg EW, Paulose-Ram
Coxackiecirus A6 associated hand, foot and mouth disease in adults: clinical presentation and review of the literature. J Clin Virol. 2014;60:381–386. 17. Mathes Ef, Oza V, Frieden IJ, et al. Eczema coxsackium zoster virus and herpes simplex virus infections: pathogenesis and current therapy. Neurol Clin. 1986;4:265–283. 12. Whitley RJ. Herpes simplex virus infections. In:
R. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in persons aged 14-49: United States, 2015-2016. NCHS Data Brief. 2018;304:1–8. 6. Yuan W, Dasgupta A, Cresswell P. Herpes simplex virus and unusual cutaneous findings in an enterovirus outbreak. Pediatrics. 2013;132:149–157. 18. Ashley RL, Militoni J, Lee F, et al. Comparison of
Remington JS, Klein JO, editors. Infectious Diseases of The Fetus and Newborn Infant. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1990. p. 282–305. 13. Fine AJ, Sorbello A, Kortepeter C, et al. Central nervous evades natural killer T cell recognition by suppressing CD1d recycling. Nat Immunol. 2006;7:835–842.
Western blot (immunoblot) and glycoprotein G-specific immunodot enzyme assay for detecting antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in human sera. J Clin Microbiol. 1988;26:662–667.
system herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus
可證實 KS 切片檢體中 HHV-8 的存在（圖 80.26）。
圖 80-26：Kaposi sarcoma。
圖 80.26 Kaposi sarcoma。利用針對潛伏相關核抗原（LANA-1）抗體的免疫組織化學染色，證實 HHV-8 的存在。承蒙 Shawn Cowper, MD 提供。