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AYURVEDA
Ayurveda originated in India more than 3000 years ago and still plays a prominent role in healthcare in India today. Typically, Ayurvedic medicine employs the use of herbal compounds, diet and lifestyle changes, and oil massages. The cornerstone of this modality is to determine an individualโs profile and set of imbalances; once established, it becomes the foundation for clinical treatment decisions. To determine a personโs constitution, an Ayurvedic practitioner describes bodily functions through the use of three descriptive units known as doshas.
The three doshas are vata, pitta, and kapha. Vata refers to motion such as the movement of blood, the motion of water in transepidermal water loss, or the motion of the body in general. When out of balance, vata leads to dryness, scaling, and loss of tissue as is seen in atopic dermatitis or in photoaging. Pitta refers to the metabolic processes in the body such as enzymatic activities and, when out of balance, represents inflammation in the body. Any disease such as acne, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, or rosacea that has an inflammatory component has a pitta imbalance. Kapha refers to structure and substance, e.g. the level of cutaneous hydration, the presence of collagen, the strength and structure of hair. When out of balance, kapha leads to overproduction of substance and fibrosis as is seen in hypertrophic scars, systemic sclerosis, and scleredema.
Illness in Ayurveda is defined as an imbalance of the normal ratios of doshas, with therapies aimed at correcting this imbalance through the use of diet, mindโbody techniques, and herbal formulations.ย Although there have been few clinical trials on the use of Ayurvedic medicine for dermatologic diseases, several reports suggest that topical and oral curcumin are efficacious in psoriasis. Members of the ginger family, which includes Curcuma longa (see above), are common ingredients in Ayurvedic medications. Curcumin is thought to down-regulate kinases in patients with psoriasis.
Ayurveda has a rich history of utilizing dietary restriction in skin diseases but also utilizes a variety of herbal formulations with the potential for interaction with conventional medicines. Ayurvedic herbal products are regulated as dietary supplements rather than as drugs and it is imperative to assess the safety testing of herbs. While there is concern for the possibility of heavy metal contamination in herbs, many companies now perform a battery of third-party tests to ensure that herbs are within regulatory limits.